Theodore Herzl

       Theodore Herzl was born 75 years after the death of Moses Mendelssohn [May 2 1860].
[emancipation] Jews had moved toward citizenship. in the years following Mendelssohn's death many western European governments began to abolish laws limiting to freedom of Jews. to merit emancipation it seemed that the Jewish communities of Europe where expected to give up their claim to ties with worldwide Jewry like any of their citizens. the Jewish state, trans Arthur Hertzberg.










[Anti-Semitism] Jews consequently believed Assimilate Jews to be the most dangerous. in 1879 a German journalist first used the term "anti-Semitism'' in a pamphlet accusing the "Semitic race'' of attempting to destroy " Germandom . Jews scattered around the globe led to suspicions that they had sinister plans to dominate the world. in 1880 a former professor at the University of Berlin published the  Jewish Question as a Question of race, morality, and culture. it became respectable to move in great numbers to other countries, and the westerns worried that the arrival of these strange eastern Jews would  only worsen the " Jewish problem" in their own  countries.



  [First stirring of a Jewish state] when Herzl wrote the Jewish state in June 1895 there had been no such state over 1800 years only Jewish communities scattered across the globe. the Jewish state he proclaimed that '' we are a people: one people''. In his opinion , since anti- Semitism not only caused Jewish suffering society,the governments of Europe would agree to establish a Jewish state. only by helping the Jews set up their own nation could governnents restore peace whitin their own borders. Boron Edmond de Rothschild supporter of Hovevei zion settlements in Eretz yisrael, rejected Herzls plan,feeling that it threatened Jews in the Diaspora, whose patriotism would now be questioned orthodox rabbis opposed Herzls plan because it seemed contrary to the tradition that only the messiah would restore the exiles to Eretz Yisrael. reform rabbis opposed It because it contracted their belief that Jews had a mission to perform in the Diaspora to teach Jewish ethics. Herzl was rapidly transporting Zionism from an idea into a democratic mass movement.



  [Convoking a Jewish national assembly] in August 1897 a year assembly and half after the Jewish state was published. Herzl chaired the first Zionist congress, the Zionism to establish a publicy reconized, legally secured homeland for the Jewish people in Eretz Yisrael. the inspiration for colors came from  the tallit, Jewish prayer shawl.'' At Basel I founded the Jewish state if  I  said this out loud today I would be greeted by universal laughter. in five years perhaps,and certainly in fifty years, everyone will perceive it''. Herzls greatest diplomatic triumphs were with Great Britian. after the progoms of suffering Russian Jews immediately. the British offered the possibility of a homeland in East Africa. although Herzls diplomatic ventures did not secure immediate results, the connections he established with the British helped bring about Balfour Decloration in November 1917. this is a quote ''To create a new state is neither ridiculous nor impossible .........the governments of all countries scourged by anti-Semitism will be keenly interested in obtaining sovereignty for us''
in the end Theodore Herzl died in July 3, 1904 [aged 44].